Assessment of risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma in Chidambaram, Southern India: a casecontrol study
Smoking significantly decreases life expectancy: Smoking has been described as probably the greatest health disaster in human history, being associated with more than 5 million deaths annually. (Katznelson, 2011) Clearly, smoking is a disaster for public health, but how does it impact surgery and anesthesia?
Rare: balance disorder, cerebrovascular accident, dysarthria, mental impairment, multiple sclerosis, VIIth nerve paralysis, nystagmus, psychomotor hyperactivity, psychomotor skills impaired, restless legs syndrome, sensory disturbance, transient ischemic attack, visual field defect
Providing an alternative source of nicotine for the short-term relief of withdrawal symptoms or as a longer-term replacement source of nicotine may help people to stop smoking