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The final sample size was 541 participants for whom we could detect a difference of 1.5 units in means or 10% in proportion between exposed and non-exposed groups with a power of 80% and an alpha level of 0.05

The DAG included the exposure, outcome and other factors that have a relationship with the outcome, such as age, concurrent cigarette smoking, BMI, triglycerides, HbA1c, level of physical activity, and prolactin level